GB 6732-1986 普通凡士林
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 普通凡士林 |
| 中标分类： | 石油 >> 石油产品 >> 石油蜡 |
| 发布日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 实施日期： | 1987-07-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 2页 |
适用范围
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前言
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引用标准
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所属分类： 石油 石油产品 石油蜡
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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforHigh-ResolutionGamma-RaySpectrometryofSoilSamples
【原文标准名称】:土壤样品的高分辨率γ射线光谱测定法的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1402-2004(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.05
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Gamma-rayspectrometry;High-resolutiongamma-rayspectralanalysis;Soil(radioactiveanalysis);Soilsampling
【摘要】:Gamma-rayspectrometryofsoilsamplesisusedtoidentifyandquantifycertaingamma-rayemittingradionuclides.Useofagermaniumsemiconductordetectorisnecessaryforhigh-resolutiongamma-raymeasurements.Muchofthedataacquisitionandanalysiscanbeautomatedwiththeuseofcommerciallyavailablesystemsthatincludebothhardwareandsoftware.ForageneraldescriptionofthetypicalhardwareinmoredetailthandiscussedinSection6,seeRef(19).Bothqualitativeandquantitativeanalysesmaybeperformedusingthesamemeasurementdata.Theproceduresdescribedinthisguidemaybeusedforawidevarietyofactivitylevels,fromnaturalbackgroundlevelsandfallout-typeproblems,todeterminingtheeffectivenessofcleanupeffortsafteraspilloranindustrialaccident,totracingcontaminationatolderproductionsites,wherewasteswerepurposelydisposedofinsoil.Insomecases,thecombinationofradionuclideidentitiesandconcentrationratioscanbeusedtodeterminethesourceoftheradioactivematerials.Collectingsamplesandbringingthemtoadataacquisitionsystemforanalysismaybeusedastheprimarymethodtodetectdepositionofradionuclidesinsoil.Forobtainingarepresentativesetofsamplesthatcoveraparticulararea,seePracticeC998.Soilcanalsobemeasuredbytakingthedataacquisitionsystemtothefieldandmeasuringthesoilinplace(insitu).Insitumeasurementtechniquesarenotdiscussedinthisguide.1.1Thisguidecoverstheidentificationandquantitativedeterminationofgamma-rayemittingradionuclidesinsoilsamplesbymeansofgamma-rayspectrometry.Itisapplicabletonuclidesemittinggammarayswithanapproximateenergyrangeof20to2000keV.Fortypicalgamma-rayspectrometrysystemsandsampletypes,activitylevelsofabout5Bq(135pCi)aremeasuredeasilyformostnuclides,andactivitylevelsaslowas0.1Bq(2.7pCi)canbemeasuredformanynuclides.Itisnotapplicabletoradionuclidesthatemitnogammarayssuchasthepurebeta-emittingradionuclideshydrogen-3,carbon-14,strontium-90,andbecquerelquantitiesofmosttransuranics.Thisguidedoesnotaddresstheinsitumeasurementtechniques,wheresoilisanalyzedinplacewithoutsampling.GuidanceforinsitutechniquescanbefoundinRef(1)and(2).Thisguidealsodoesnotdiscussmethodsfordetermininglowerlimitsofdetection.SuchdiscussionscanbefoundinRefs(3),(4),(5),and(6).1.2Thisguidecanbeusedforeitherquantitativeorrelativedeterminations.Forquantitativeassay,theresultsareexpressedintermsofabsoluteactivitiesoractivityconcentrationsoftheradionuclidesfoundtobepresent.Thisguidemayalsobeusedforqualitativeidentificationofthegamma-rayemittingradionuclidesinsoilwithoutattemptingtoquantifytheiractivities.Itcanalsobeusedtoonlydeterminetheirlevelofactivitiesrelativetoeachotherbutnotinanabsolutesense.GeneralinformationonradioactivityanditsmeasurementmaybefoundinRefs(7),(8),(9),(10),and(11)andStandardTestMethodsE181.Informationonspecificapplicationsofgamma-rayspectrometryisalsoavailableinRefs(12)or(13).PracticeD3649maybeavaluablesourceofinformation.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.4Thiss......
【中国标准分类号】:Z18
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_20
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Manifoldregulatorsforwelding,cuttingandrelatedprocesses;Concepts,requirementsandtesting
【原文标准名称】:焊接、切割及相关工艺用多管调节器.概念、要求和检验
【标准号】:DIN8545-1981
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1981-09
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:切削;安全工程;焊接;结构;定义;作标记;认可实验室;材料;规范(审批);压力调节器
【英文主题词】:safetyengineering;marking;pressureregulators;definitions;approvallaboratories;materials;welding;specification(approval);structures;cutting
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J64;N15
【国际标准分类号】:3080;3240
【页数】:6P;A4
【正文语种】:德语
【原文标准名称】:土壤样品的高分辨率γ射线光谱测定法的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1402-2004(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.05
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Gamma-rayspectrometry;High-resolutiongamma-rayspectralanalysis;Soil(radioactiveanalysis);Soilsampling
【摘要】:Gamma-rayspectrometryofsoilsamplesisusedtoidentifyandquantifycertaingamma-rayemittingradionuclides.Useofagermaniumsemiconductordetectorisnecessaryforhigh-resolutiongamma-raymeasurements.Muchofthedataacquisitionandanalysiscanbeautomatedwiththeuseofcommerciallyavailablesystemsthatincludebothhardwareandsoftware.ForageneraldescriptionofthetypicalhardwareinmoredetailthandiscussedinSection6,seeRef(19).Bothqualitativeandquantitativeanalysesmaybeperformedusingthesamemeasurementdata.Theproceduresdescribedinthisguidemaybeusedforawidevarietyofactivitylevels,fromnaturalbackgroundlevelsandfallout-typeproblems,todeterminingtheeffectivenessofcleanupeffortsafteraspilloranindustrialaccident,totracingcontaminationatolderproductionsites,wherewasteswerepurposelydisposedofinsoil.Insomecases,thecombinationofradionuclideidentitiesandconcentrationratioscanbeusedtodeterminethesourceoftheradioactivematerials.Collectingsamplesandbringingthemtoadataacquisitionsystemforanalysismaybeusedastheprimarymethodtodetectdepositionofradionuclidesinsoil.Forobtainingarepresentativesetofsamplesthatcoveraparticulararea,seePracticeC998.Soilcanalsobemeasuredbytakingthedataacquisitionsystemtothefieldandmeasuringthesoilinplace(insitu).Insitumeasurementtechniquesarenotdiscussedinthisguide.1.1Thisguidecoverstheidentificationandquantitativedeterminationofgamma-rayemittingradionuclidesinsoilsamplesbymeansofgamma-rayspectrometry.Itisapplicabletonuclidesemittinggammarayswithanapproximateenergyrangeof20to2000keV.Fortypicalgamma-rayspectrometrysystemsandsampletypes,activitylevelsofabout5Bq(135pCi)aremeasuredeasilyformostnuclides,andactivitylevelsaslowas0.1Bq(2.7pCi)canbemeasuredformanynuclides.Itisnotapplicabletoradionuclidesthatemitnogammarayssuchasthepurebeta-emittingradionuclideshydrogen-3,carbon-14,strontium-90,andbecquerelquantitiesofmosttransuranics.Thisguidedoesnotaddresstheinsitumeasurementtechniques,wheresoilisanalyzedinplacewithoutsampling.GuidanceforinsitutechniquescanbefoundinRef(1)and(2).Thisguidealsodoesnotdiscussmethodsfordetermininglowerlimitsofdetection.SuchdiscussionscanbefoundinRefs(3),(4),(5),and(6).1.2Thisguidecanbeusedforeitherquantitativeorrelativedeterminations.Forquantitativeassay,theresultsareexpressedintermsofabsoluteactivitiesoractivityconcentrationsoftheradionuclidesfoundtobepresent.Thisguidemayalsobeusedforqualitativeidentificationofthegamma-rayemittingradionuclidesinsoilwithoutattemptingtoquantifytheiractivities.Itcanalsobeusedtoonlydeterminetheirlevelofactivitiesrelativetoeachotherbutnotinanabsolutesense.GeneralinformationonradioactivityanditsmeasurementmaybefoundinRefs(7),(8),(9),(10),and(11)andStandardTestMethodsE181.Informationonspecificapplicationsofgamma-rayspectrometryisalsoavailableinRefs(12)or(13).PracticeD3649maybeavaluablesourceofinformation.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.4Thiss......
【中国标准分类号】:Z18
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_20
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Manifoldregulatorsforwelding,cuttingandrelatedprocesses;Concepts,requirementsandtesting
【原文标准名称】:焊接、切割及相关工艺用多管调节器.概念、要求和检验
【标准号】:DIN8545-1981
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1981-09
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:切削;安全工程;焊接;结构;定义;作标记;认可实验室;材料;规范(审批);压力调节器
【英文主题词】:safetyengineering;marking;pressureregulators;definitions;approvallaboratories;materials;welding;specification(approval);structures;cutting
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J64;N15
【国际标准分类号】:3080;3240
【页数】:6P;A4
【正文语种】:德语